Swayback, also called lordosis, affects the curvature of a horse’s spine. It is similar to scoliosis in humans and generally causes a noticeable dip in the back. Many people associate swayback with older horses, but it can also be the result of poor conformation, heavy workloads, especially when the horse is young, or poor muscle development. In most cases, it does not cause other health issues, but it can cause discomfort as it progresses.
What Causes Swayback?
Aging, genetics, some life conditions, or poor muscle condition can cause swayback. Many people associate swayback with senior horses. This is due to the weakening of muscles and ligaments, which leads to a lack of strength in the topline. Some breeds, such as American Saddlebreds, are more likely to experience swayback due to their conformation.
Broodmares are also more prone to swayback due to the continued strain on their back muscles during pregnancy and labor. Poor muscle development and excessive workloads are not direct causes of swayback, but they can significantly increase the chances of your horse having this issue. While swayback cannot be entirely prevented in horses prone to the condition, understanding the contributing factors can help reduce the risk and manage symptoms.
Diagnosing Swayback
Most horse owners can diagnose swayback without the help of a veterinarian. However, if you notice a dip in the spine and suspect swayback, your veterinarian can confirm the diagnosis. They will palpate the topline and complete a movement assessment. Some vets may want to do X-rays to see how severe the curvature is.
Managing Symptoms
Swayback cannot be wholly reversed once it starts, but many ways exist to help manage the symptoms. Proper nutrition and strengthening exercises play key roles in maintaining muscle tone and joint health. Check with your veterinarian before starting any of these exercises to ensure they are right for your horse.
Strengthening Exercises & Tack Fit
One of the most effective ways to support a swaybacked horse is through strengthening exercises. Hill work, ground poles, lateral exercises, and long-lining can help develop the muscles that support the topline. Additionally, collection exercises will help improve back strength.
As the spine curvature progresses, your tack will fit differently. It is vital to regularly check your saddle fit and adjust it to prevent rubbing and muscle soreness. Therapeutic saddle pads and shim pads can be beneficial in maintaining a proper saddle fit.
Supportive Therapy for Swayback Horses
Many horse owners have seen a significant improvement and increased comfort with alternative therapies, including chiropractics, acupuncture, and aquatherapy. Another great way to support your horse’s back health is with the Benefab® Rejuvenate SmartScrim. This therapeutic sheet is designed to promote circulation, reduce muscle tension, and aid recovery, perfect for horses managing swayback or other back-related issues.
Although swayback is often considered a cosmetic issue, it can impact a horse’s comfort and performance. While it cannot always be prevented or reversed, early diagnosis and strengthening exercises can make a big difference for your horse. By maintaining a balanced diet, doing regular topline exercises, and using alternative therapies, horse owners can help their swaybacked horses stay healthy and comfortable.
